Category: F

Foot mobilisation

Posted on March 8, 2023 by - F, Other

Foot mobilisation is a manual therapy technique used to restore mobility and function to the foot and ankle. It involves applying specific pressure and movements to the foot and ankle joints, with the goal of improving the range of motion, reducing pain, and promoting healing.

During a foot mobilisation session, a trained therapist will use their hands to apply pressure and mobilise the joints of the foot and ankle. This may involve gentle manipulation of the bones and soft tissues, stretching of the muscles and tendons, and mobilisation of the joints. The therapist may also use various tools such as straps, wedges, or balls to help mobilise the foot and ankle.

Foot mobilisation is often used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan for a variety of foot and ankle conditions, including plantar fasciitis, Achilles tendonitis, ankle sprains, and flat feet. It may also be used to help improve balance and stability in athletes or individuals who have suffered from a stroke or other neurological condition.

Research has shown that foot mobilisation can be an effective treatment for foot and ankle conditions, and it is generally considered safe when performed by a trained therapist. However, as with any manual therapy technique, there may be some risks involved, such as soreness or bruising. It is important to talk to your healthcare provider to determine if foot mobilisation is appropriate for your specific condition.

Foot injuries in olympic athletes

Posted on March 8, 2023 by - F, Sports

Olympic athletes are at high risk for foot injuries due to the high-impact nature of their sports. Here are some common foot injuries that Olympic athletes may experience:

  1. Stress fractures: Stress fractures are small cracks in the bone caused by repetitive stress. They are common in runners and other athletes who engage in high-impact activities.
  2. Plantar fasciitis: Plantar fasciitis is an inflammation of the plantar fascia, a thick band of tissue that runs along the bottom of the foot. It is common in athletes who participate in sports that involve a lot of running and jumping.
  3. Achilles tendonitis: Achilles tendonitis is an inflammation of the Achilles tendon, which connects the calf muscles to the heel bone. It is common in athletes who participate in sports that involve a lot of running and jumping.
  4. Ankle sprains: Ankle sprains occur when the ligaments that support the ankle joint are stretched or torn. They are common in athletes who participate in sports that involve sudden changes of direction or jumping.
  5. Turf toe: Turf toe is a sprain of the ligaments around the base of the big toe. It is common in athletes who participate in sports that involve pushing off forcefully, such as football and soccer.
  6. Fractures: Fractures, or broken bones, can occur in the foot or ankle as a result of a direct blow or as a result of repetitive stress over time.

Treatment for foot injuries in Olympic athletes may include rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE), physical therapy, and in some cases, surgery. It is important for athletes to seek prompt medical attention for any foot injury to avoid more serious complications and to ensure a timely recovery. Additionally, taking preventative measures such as proper warm-up and stretching techniques, using proper footwear, and using protective gear can help reduce the risk of foot injuries in Olympic athletes.

Foot hygiene advice

Posted on March 8, 2023 by - F, Frequently asked questions

Taking care of your feet is an important part of overall hygiene and can help prevent foot problems and infections. Here are some foot hygiene tips:

  1. Keep your feet clean: Wash your feet daily with warm water and soap. Be sure to dry your feet thoroughly, especially between your toes, to help prevent fungal infections.
  2. Moisturise your feet: Apply a moisturiser to your feet regularly to keep the skin soft and prevent cracking.
  3. Trim your toenails: Trim your toenails straight across and avoid cutting them too short to help prevent ingrown toenails.
  4. Wear clean socks: Wear clean socks every day and choose socks made of breathable materials to help keep your feet dry.
  5. Choose the right shoes: Wear shoes that fit properly and are comfortable. Avoid shoes that are too tight or too loose, as they can cause blisters and other foot problems.
  6. Change your shoes regularly: Rotate your shoes to allow them to air out and reduce the risk of infections.
  7. Protect your feet in public places: Wear flip-flops or sandals in public showers, locker rooms, and pools to reduce the risk of fungal infections.
  8. Check your feet regularly: Look for any signs of foot problems, such as blisters, redness, or swelling, and seek medical attention if necessary.

By following these foot hygiene tips, you can keep your feet healthy and prevent foot problems and infections.

Football injuries of the foot & ankle

Posted on March 8, 2023 by - F, Sports

Football is a high-impact sport that can put significant stress on the foot and ankle. Some common football injuries to the foot and ankle include:

  1. Sprained ankle: Ankle sprains are one of the most common injuries in football. They occur when the ligaments that support the ankle joint are stretched or torn, often as a result of a sudden change in direction or a collision with another player.
  2. Fractured foot or ankle: Fractures, or broken bones, can occur in the foot or ankle as a result of a direct blow or as a result of repetitive stress over time. Symptoms of a fracture may include pain, swelling, bruising, and difficulty bearing weight on the affected foot or ankle.
  3. Turf toe: Turf toe is a type of sprain that occurs when the ligaments around the base of the big toe are sprained or torn. It can be caused by pushing off the ground forcefully or by sudden stops and starts.
  4. Achilles tendonitis: Achilles tendonitis is an inflammation of the Achilles tendon, which connects the calf muscles to the heel bone. It can be caused by overuse or repetitive stress and may result in pain, swelling, and stiffness in the back of the ankle.
  5. Plantar fasciitis: Plantar fasciitis is an inflammation of the plantar fascia, a thick band of tissue that runs along the bottom of the foot. It can be caused by overuse or repetitive stress and may result in pain and stiffness in the heel or arch of the foot.

Treatment for football injuries to the foot and ankle may include rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE), physical therapy, and in some cases, surgery. It is important to seek prompt medical attention for any foot or ankle injury, as delaying treatment can lead to more serious complications and prolonged recovery times. Additionally, taking preventative measures such as wearing proper footwear and protective gear, and practicing proper warm-up and stretching techniques can help to reduce the risk of foot and ankle injuries in football players.

Foot arthritis

Posted on March 8, 2023 by - F, Rheumatology

Foot arthritis is a condition that can affect the joints and tissues of the foot, leading to pain, swelling, stiffness, and decreased mobility. There are several types of arthritis that can affect the foot, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout.

Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis that affects the foot. It occurs when the cartilage that cushions the joints of the foot breaks down over time, leading to pain, stiffness, and decreased range of motion. Risk factors for developing osteoarthritis of the foot include age, genetics, previous foot injuries, and repetitive stress on the foot joints.

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that can affect the joints of the foot and cause inflammation, pain, and swelling. Gout is a type of arthritis that is caused by a buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints of the foot, leading to sudden, severe pain and swelling.

Treatment for foot arthritis may include a combination of medications, physical therapy, and lifestyle changes. Common medications for arthritis include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Physical therapy can help to improve foot and ankle range of motion, strengthen the muscles of the foot, and reduce pain and inflammation. Lifestyle changes may include wearing supportive shoes, using orthotic inserts, and avoiding activities that cause repetitive stress on the foot.

In some cases, surgery may be necessary to treat foot arthritis. Common surgical procedures for foot arthritis include joint replacement, fusion, and arthroscopy. Joint replacement involves removing the damaged joint and replacing it with an artificial joint. Fusion involves fusing the bones of the joint together to eliminate motion and reduce pain. Arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that uses a small camera to visualise and treat joint problems.

Paediatric flatfoot

Posted on March 8, 2023 by - F, Foot types, Paediatrics

Paediatric flatfoot is a common foot condition that affects children and can be classified as either flexible or rigid. Flexible flatfoot is the more common type and occurs when the arch of the foot appears flat when the child is standing, but the arch reappears when the child is sitting or standing on tiptoes. Rigid flatfoot is less common and occurs when the arch of the foot remains flattened regardless of whether the child is standing or sitting. Treatment may include:

  1. Observation and monitoring: Many cases of paediatric flatfoot will improve on their own without intervention, however; it is important for the child’s foot development to be monitored over time to ensure that it is developing properly.
  2. Foot exercises: Stretching and strengthening exercises can help to improve foot and ankle function and reduce pain or discomfort.
  3. Orthotic devices: Custom-made shoe inserts or arch supports can provide additional support to the foot and help to improve foot posture.
  4. Physical therapy: Physical therapy can help to improve foot and ankle strength and flexibility, and may also include manual therapy or massage.

Most experts agree that the adult flatfoot always begins in childhood, and that early intervention is best. Most flat feet in children are flexible and passively correctable early in life, and the persistence of a flatfoot in childhood can result in life-long structural change. Richard O. Schuster, DPM, states that any child with a navicular drop of nine mm, with or without pain, should undergo treatment to prevent symptomatology and deformity later in life.

The recent nomenclature of adult flatfoot has changed from adult acquired flatfoot deformity to progressive collapsing flatfoot deformity, to echo the progression from its paediatric form throughout life, rather than a new adult-onset condition that arises independently.

In rare cases, surgery may be necessary to correct a severe flatfoot deformity or to address underlying structural abnormalities. However, most cases of paediatric flatfoot can be managed with conservative measures and do not require surgical intervention. It is important to consult with a healthcare provider or foot specialist if your child is experiencing foot pain or difficulty with walking.

Flexible flatfoot

Posted on March 8, 2023 by - F, Foot types

Flexible flatfoot is a common foot condition that affects both children and adults. It is characterized by a flat or low arch of the foot that can be seen when standing or walking. The condition occurs when the arch of the foot does not develop properly during childhood or becomes stretched or weakened over time, causing the foot to flatten out.

Symptoms of flexible flatfoot may include pain or discomfort in the foot or ankle, particularly after standing or walking for extended periods of time. Some people may also experience muscle cramps or stiffness in the foot or leg.

In most cases, flexible flatfoot does not require treatment, as the condition does not typically cause significant pain or functional impairment. However, if symptoms are severe or affecting quality of life, treatment options may include:

  1. Foot exercises: Stretching and strengthening exercises can help to improve foot and ankle function and reduce pain or discomfort.
  2. Orthotic devices: Custom-made shoe inserts or arch supports can provide additional support to the foot and help to improve foot posture.
  3. Physical therapy: Physical therapy can help to improve foot and ankle strength and flexibility, and may also include manual therapy or massage.
  4. Medications: Over-the-counter pain medications, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, may be helpful in managing pain or inflammation associated with flexible flatfoot.

In rare cases, surgery may be necessary to correct a severely flat foot or to address underlying structural abnormalities. However, most people with flexible flatfoot can manage their symptoms with conservative measures and continue to lead active, healthy lives.

Fifth metatarsal fracture

Posted on March 8, 2023 by - F, Fractures

A fifth metatarsal fracture is a common injury to the foot, particularly in athletes and those who participate in high-impact sports. The fifth metatarsal bone is located on the outside of the foot and is the bone that connects to the small toe. There are several types of fifth metatarsal fractures, including:

  1. Avulsion fracture: This is when a small piece of bone is pulled away from the main bone due to a ligament or tendon injury.
  2. Jones fracture: This is a fracture that occurs in the middle of the fifth metatarsal bone, where blood supply is limited, making healing more difficult.
  3. Stress fracture: This is a hairline fracture that develops over time due to repeated stress or overuse of the foot.

Symptoms of a fifth metatarsal fracture may include pain, swelling, bruising, and difficulty walking. Treatment options for a fifth metatarsal fracture depend on the severity of the injury and may include:

  1. Rest and ice: Resting the foot and applying ice to the affected area can help to reduce pain and swelling.
  2. Immobilisation: In some cases, a cast, brace, or walking boot may be necessary to immobilise the foot and allow the fracture to heal.
  3. Medications: Over-the-counter pain medications, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, can help to manage pain and inflammation.
  4. Physical therapy: Once the fracture has healed, physical therapy may be recommended to help restore strength, flexibility, and range of motion to the foot.
  5. Surgery: In some cases, surgery may be necessary to realign the bones and promote healing, particularly in cases of severe or displaced fractures.

It is important to seek prompt medical attention if you suspect that you have a fifth metatarsal fracture, as untreated fractures can lead to long-term complications such as chronic pain or foot deformity.

Five signs your child may have a foot problem

Posted on March 8, 2023 by - F, Paediatrics

It is important to keep an eye on your child’s foot health and development, as foot problems can impact their overall health and well-being. Here are five signs that your child may have a foot problem:

  1. Pain or discomfort: If your child complains of pain or discomfort in their feet, this may be a sign of a foot problem. Pay attention to whether the pain is associated with specific activities or times of day, such as after playing sports or after waking up in the morning.
  2. Walking abnormalities: If your child walks with a limp, or if you notice any abnormalities in their gait, this may be a sign of a foot problem. Pay attention to whether your child is walking on the balls of their feet, or if they are dragging their feet when they walk.
  3. Uneven shoe wear: If your child’s shoes are wearing unevenly, this may be a sign of a foot problem. Check the soles of their shoes for signs of excessive wear on one side, which may indicate an imbalance in their foot or gait.
  4. Toe walking: If your child frequently walks on their tiptoes, this may be a sign of a foot problem. Toe walking can be caused by a variety of conditions, including tightness in the Achilles tendon or muscle weakness.
  5. Abnormal foot appearance: If your child’s feet appear to be misshapen or have an abnormal appearance, this may be a sign of a foot problem. Pay attention to whether your child’s feet appear to be flat or have a high arch, or if there are any visible lumps, bumps, or swelling.

If you notice any of these signs or have concerns about your child’s foot health, it is important to consult with a healthcare provider. A healthcare provider can help to diagnose the underlying cause of the problem and develop an appropriate course of treatment based on your child’s individual needs and medical history.

Field hockey injuries of the foot & ankle

Posted on March 8, 2023 by - F, Sports

Field hockey is a popular sport that requires a lot of running, jumping, and quick changes of direction. As a result, foot and ankle injuries are relatively common among field hockey players. Some of the most common foot and ankle injuries associated with field hockey include:

  1. Ankle sprains: Ankle sprains occur when the ligaments that connect the bones in the ankle are stretched or torn. They are a common injury in field hockey, especially when players are running, jumping, or changing direction quickly.
  2. Plantar fasciitis: Plantar fasciitis is a condition in which the plantar fascia, a thick band of tissue that runs along the bottom of the foot, becomes inflamed. This can cause heel pain, especially in the morning or after prolonged periods of sitting or standing.
  3. Achilles tendonitis: Achilles tendonitis is a condition in which the Achilles tendon, which connects the calf muscles to the heel bone, becomes inflamed. This can cause pain and stiffness in the back of the heel, especially after exercise.
  4. Stress fractures: Stress fractures are small cracks in the bones of the foot or ankle that occur as a result of overuse. They can be caused by repetitive jumping or running activities, and can be painful and require rest to heal.
  5. Turf toe: Turf toe is a condition in which the big toe joint becomes sprained or hyperextended. It can be caused by pushing off forcefully from the ground, and can be painful and limit mobility.

Prevention of foot and ankle injuries in field hockey can include wearing appropriate footwear with good support, stretching before and after games, and gradually increasing the intensity of training to avoid overuse injuries. If you experience foot or ankle pain while playing field hockey, it is important to stop playing and seek medical attention to prevent further injury. A healthcare provider can help to diagnose the underlying cause of your pain and develop an appropriate course of treatment based on your individual needs and medical history.