Category: F

The Fenton classification system for cuboid fractures

Posted on August 12, 2023 by Steve - Classification systems, F, Fractures, Midfoot

The Fenton Classification System offers a structured framework to categorize cuboid fractures, enabling healthcare professionals to make informed decisions. Fenton fractures are separated into three distinct types:

Type I: Undisplaced Fractures At the less severe end of the spectrum, Type I cuboid fractures involve minimal or no displacement of the fractured segments. While these fractures may still cause discomfort, their relative stability allows for more conservative treatment approaches.

Type II: Displaced Fractures Type II fractures are characterized by noticeable displacement of the fractured pieces within the cuboid bone. This classification helps healthcare practitioners gauge the extent of displacement and tailor treatment plans accordingly.

Type III: Fracture with Associated Injuries The Type III classification accounts for cuboid fractures that occur in conjunction with injuries to nearby structures, such as the lateral column of the foot or the calcaneocuboid joint. Understanding these associated injuries is vital for comprehensive treatment strategies.

Forestier’s disease

Posted on March 29, 2023 by Steve - F, Hindfoot

Forestier’s disease can affect various parts of the body, including the spine, pelvis, hip, and knee, but it is less common for it to affect the foot. However, in rare cases, Forestier’s disease can cause abnormal bone growth in the foot, leading to stiffness, pain, and difficulty with movement.

The symptoms of Forestier’s disease in the foot may include:

Stiffness and limited range of motion in the affected joint(s)
Pain that worsens with activity
Swelling or tenderness around the affected area
Deformity or abnormal bone growth in the foot

Treatment for Forestier’s disease in the foot may include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for pain and inflammation, physical therapy to improve range of motion and mobility, and in severe cases, surgery to remove or reshape the abnormal bone growth. It’s important to consult with a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment of Forestier’s disease in the foot.

Freiberg’s infarction

Posted on March 29, 2023 by Steve - F, Forefoot

Freiberg’s infarction, also known as Freiberg’s disease or osteochondrosis of the metatarsal head, is a condition in which there is a loss of blood supply (avascular necrosis) to the head of the metatarsal bone in the foot. This can cause pain, swelling, and stiffness in the affected foot, and may lead to arthritis or joint deformity over time.

The exact cause of Freiberg’s infarction is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to repeated trauma or injury to the metatarsal head, which can disrupt the blood supply to the bone. The condition is most commonly seen in adolescent girls and young women, and may be associated with wearing high-heeled shoes or engaging in activities that involve repetitive impact on the foot, such as running or jumping.

Treatment for Freiberg’s infarction typically involves rest, ice, and anti-inflammatory medication to reduce pain and inflammation in the affected foot. Immobilization in a cast or boot may also be recommended to allow the bone to heal. In more severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove damaged bone or reshape the joint to reduce pain and improve function.

Overall, the prognosis for Freiberg’s infarction depends on the severity of the condition and the effectiveness of the chosen treatment. With appropriate care, many patients are able to manage their symptoms and maintain good foot function over time.

First metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis

Posted on March 29, 2023 by Steve - F, Forefoot, Surgical

A first metatarsophalangeal joint (1st MTPJ) arthrodesis is a surgical procedure that involves fusing the bones of the big toe (metatarsal) and the first bone of the toe (phalanx) together to create a solid joint. This procedure is typically performed to treat advanced arthritis, instability, or deformity of the 1st MTPJ.

During the procedure, the surgeon makes an incision on the top of the foot and removes the damaged joint surfaces of the metatarsal and phalanx bones. The bones are then placed in the desired alignment and held in place with screws, pins, or plates until they fuse together. Over time, the bones grow together and form a solid joint, which can help relieve pain and improve the stability and function of the foot.

After the surgery, the foot is immobilized in a cast or boot for several weeks, and physical therapy may be recommended to help regain strength and mobility in the affected foot. While 1st MTPJ arthrodesis can be highly effective in treating certain conditions, it does limit the range of motion in the big toe and may affect the gait or balance of the patient. It is important to discuss the potential risks and benefits of 1st MTPJ arthrodesis with a qualified healthcare professional before undergoing the procedure.

Foot ulcer

Posted on March 9, 2023 by Steve - Diabetes, F

A foot ulcer is an open wound that develops on the skin of the foot. Foot ulcers are most commonly caused by poor circulation, nerve damage, and other medical conditions such as diabetes or peripheral artery disease. They can also be caused by trauma, pressure, or friction on the foot.

Symptoms of foot ulcers may include redness, swelling, tenderness, and drainage or pus from the wound. If left untreated, foot ulcers can become infected, leading to serious complications such as gangrene, bone infections, or even amputation.

Treatment for foot ulcers may include removing dead or infected tissue, applying dressings or bandages to protect the wound, and managing any underlying medical conditions such as diabetes or peripheral artery disease. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove infected or damaged tissue or to repair blood vessels in the foot.

Prevention is key in avoiding foot ulcers. It is important to maintain good foot hygiene, wear properly fitting shoes, and regularly inspect your feet for any signs of injury or infection. If you have diabetes or other medical conditions that increase your risk of foot ulcers, it is important to work closely with your healthcare provider to manage your condition and prevent complications.

A foot ulcer is an open wound that develops on the skin of the foot. Foot ulcers are most commonly caused by poor circulation, nerve damage, and other medical conditions such as diabetes or peripheral artery disease. They can also be caused by trauma, pressure, or friction on the foot.

Fungal nails

Posted on March 8, 2023 by Steve - Dermatology & nail pathology, F

Fungal nails, also known as onychomycosis, is a common condition caused by a fungal infection in the nails. It is most commonly seen in toenails, but can also affect fingernails. Fungal nails can be caused by a variety of factors, including wearing tight-fitting shoes, walking barefoot in public places such as locker rooms and swimming pools, and having a weakened immune system.

Symptoms of fungal nails may include:

Thickened or discoloured nails
Brittle or crumbly nails
Distorted or misshapen nails
Foul odour from the affected nail
Separation of the nail from the nail bed in severe cases

If you suspect you have fungal nails, it is important to see your healthcare provider for an evaluation. Treatment may depend on the severity of the infection and may include:

Anti-fungal medication: Your healthcare provider may prescribe oral or topical anti-fungal medication to kill the fungus causing the infection.
Laser therapy: In some cases, laser therapy may be used to treat fungal nails.
Removal of the affected nail: In severe cases, your healthcare provider may recommend removing the affected nail to promote healing.
Prevention: To prevent fungal nails, it is important to practice good foot hygiene, wear clean socks and shoes, and avoid walking barefoot in public places.

It is important to seek prompt medical attention for fungal nails to prevent further complications and ensure proper treatment. In some cases, untreated fungal nails can lead to more serious infections and may even cause permanent damage to the nail or nail bed.

Frostbite

Posted on March 8, 2023 by Steve - F

Foot frostbite is a serious condition that occurs when the skin and underlying tissues freeze due to prolonged exposure to cold temperatures. Frostbite typically occurs in the toes, feet, and other extremities and can cause permanent damage if left untreated.

Symptoms of foot frostbite may include:

Tingling or numbness in the affected area
Discolouration of the skin (white, blue, or grey)
Hard, cold, or waxy-looking skin
Swelling and blistering in severe cases

If you suspect you have foot frostbite, it is important to seek emergency medical attention. Treatment may include:

Warming the affected area: Your healthcare provider may use warm water to gently warm the affected area and restore blood flow to the tissue. It is important not to use hot water, as this can cause burns.
Pain management: Over-the-counter pain relievers such as paracetamol or ibuprofen may be recommended to help manage pain.
Protecting the affected area: After treatment, it is important to protect the affected area from further exposure to cold temperatures. Your healthcare provider may recommend wearing warm, protective footwear and avoiding prolonged exposure to cold temperatures.

In severe cases of foot frostbite, surgery may be necessary to remove damaged tissue and promote healing. It is important to seek prompt medical attention for foot frostbite to prevent further complications and ensure proper healing.

Fractured toe

Posted on March 8, 2023 by Steve - F, Fractures

A fractured toe is a common injury that occurs when one of the small bones in the toe is broken. The most common causes of a fractured toe include dropping something heavy on the foot, stubbing the toe, or twisting the foot.

Symptoms of a fractured toe may include pain, swelling, bruising, and difficulty walking or putting weight on the affected foot. In some cases, the toe may also appear crooked or deformed.

If you suspect you have a fractured toe, you should see your healthcare provider for an evaluation. Treatment may depend on the severity of the injury and may include:

Rest and immobilisation: Your healthcare provider may recommend resting the affected foot and immobilising the toe with a splint or cast to promote healing.
Ice and elevation: Applying ice to the affected toe and elevating the foot may help reduce swelling and pain.
Pain management: Over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen may be recommended to help manage pain.
Surgery: In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to realign the broken bone and promote healing.

It is important to seek prompt medical attention for a suspected fractured toe to prevent further complications and ensure proper healing. In some cases, a fractured toe may also require follow-up care, such as physical therapy, to help restore range of motion and function to the affected foot.

Foot rash

Posted on March 8, 2023 by Steve - Dermatology & nail pathology, F

A foot rash can be caused by a variety of factors, including allergies, irritants, infections, and underlying medical conditions. Some common causes of foot rash include:

Fungal infections: Athlete’s foot and other fungal infections can cause a rash on the feet. Symptoms may include redness, itching, and scaling.
Contact dermatitis: Contact with an irritant or allergen such as a chemical, soap, or plant can cause a rash on the feet. Symptoms may include redness, itching, and blisters.
Eczema: Eczema is a chronic skin condition that can cause a rash on the feet, as well as other parts of the body. Symptoms may include dry, scaly patches and intense itching.
Psoriasis: Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition that can cause a rash on the feet and other parts of the body. Symptoms may include red, scaly patches and itching.
Scabies: Scabies is a contagious skin condition caused by a mite. It can cause a rash on the feet, as well as other parts of the body. Symptoms may include intense itching and small, raised bumps.

If you have a foot rash, it is important to see your healthcare provider to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment. Treatment may include topical or oral medications, as well as measures to relieve itching and reduce inflammation, such as cool compresses or over-the-counter anti-itch creams. It is also important to keep your feet clean and dry and to avoid scratching the affected area, which can lead to infection.

Foot odour