Category: D

Dorsal osseous compression syndrome (DOCS)

Posted on April 13, 2023 by - D, Midfoot

Dorsal osseous compression syndrome (DOCS), also known as dorsal compression syndrome or dorsalis pedis compression syndrome, is a medical condition characterized by compression of the dorsal (top) surface of the foot, usually by adjacent bones or structures. It can cause pain, discomfort, and other symptoms in the affected foot.

The condition typically occurs due to abnormal pressure or compression on the dorsum of the foot, which can result from various causes, including:

  1. Tight footwear: Wearing shoes that are too tight, narrow, or constrictive can compress the bones and soft tissues on the top of the foot, leading to dorsal osseous compression syndrome.
  2. Bone deformities: Some individuals may have anatomical variations in their foot bones, such as prominent dorsal bones or accessory bones, which can lead to compression of nearby structures.
  3. Trauma: Previous injuries or trauma to the foot, such as fractures or dislocations, can result in changes in the alignment of the foot bones, leading to dorsal compression syndrome.
  4. Overuse or repetitive activities: Repeated activities that involve excessive dorsiflexion of the foot, such as running, jumping, or wearing high-heeled shoes for prolonged periods, can cause compression of the dorsum of the foot.

Symptoms of foot dorsal osseous compression syndrome may include pain, tenderness, swelling, bruising, and limited range of motion in the affected foot. The pain may worsen with activity, walking, or wearing tight shoes, and may improve with rest and elevation of the foot.

Treatment options for foot dorsal osseous compression syndrome depend on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. Conservative treatments may include rest, ice, elevation, compression, wearing properly fitting footwear, and avoiding activities that exacerbate the symptoms. Orthotic devices, such as padding or shoe inserts, may also be recommended to alleviate pressure on the affected area.

In some cases, if conservative treatments are ineffective, more advanced interventions may be required, such as corticosteroid injections, physical therapy, or in rare cases, surgical interventions to address any bone deformities or structural abnormalities causing the compression.

If you suspect you may have foot dorsal osseous compression syndrome or are experiencing foot pain or discomfort, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan tailored to your individual needs.

Dry needling

Posted on March 8, 2023 by - D, Other

Dry needling is a therapeutic technique that involves inserting fine, sterile needles into the skin and muscles to relieve pain and improve mobility. It is commonly used to treat musculoskeletal conditions such as back pain, neck pain, and joint pain, including foot pain.

Dry needling for foot pain typically involves inserting the needles into trigger points, which are small knots of muscle that can cause pain and discomfort. The needles help to release tension and improve blood flow, which can help to reduce pain and inflammation.

Dry needling is generally considered safe when performed by a trained and licensed healthcare professional, such as a physical therapist or chiropractor. However, as with any medical procedure, there is a small risk of complications such as bleeding, infection, or nerve damage.

Dry needling may be used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan for foot pain, along with other interventions such as stretching, strengthening exercises, and massage. It is important to discuss the risks and benefits of dry needling with a healthcare provider to determine if it is appropriate for your individual needs and medical history.

Dry heels

Posted on March 8, 2023 by - D, Dermatology & nail pathology

Dry heels occur when the skin on the heels becomes dry, thick, and cracked. This can be caused by a variety of factors, including dry weather, exposure to harsh chemicals or soaps, and standing for prolonged periods of time.

Here are some tips to help manage dry heels:

  1. Moisturise regularly: Apply a thick moisturising cream or lotion to your feet daily, especially after bathing or showering. Look for products that contain ingredients such as urea or lactic acid, which can help to exfoliate and soften the skin.
  2. Wear proper footwear: Choose shoes that provide good support and cushioning to reduce pressure on the heels. Avoid open-backed shoes, which can cause the heel to slide around and become dry and cracked.
  3. Use a pumice stone: Gently use a pumice stone to remove thick, dead skin from the heels. Be careful not to scrub too hard, as this can cause further irritation.
  4. Soak your feet: Soak your feet in warm water for 10-15 minutes to help soften the skin before moisturising or using a pumice stone.
  5. Stay hydrated: Drinking plenty of water can help to keep the skin hydrated and prevent dryness.

If your dry heels are severe or do not improve with home remedies, consult with a healthcare provider, as this may be a sign of an underlying medical condition such as thyroid problems or diabetes. A healthcare provider may recommend additional treatments such as prescription creams or ointments, or refer you to a specialist.

Drop foot

Posted on March 8, 2023 by - D, Foot types, Neurology

Foot drop is a condition in which a person is unable to lift the front part of their foot due to weakness or paralysis of the muscles that control dorsiflexion (lifting the foot upward).

Drop foot can be caused by a variety of conditions, including nerve injuries, muscle disorders, or neurological conditions such as stroke or multiple sclerosis. It can also be a side effect of certain medications.

Symptoms of drop foot include difficulty lifting the foot or toes, dragging the foot while walking, and a higher risk of tripping or falling.

Treatment for drop foot depends on the underlying cause of the condition. Physical therapy exercises may be prescribed to strengthen the muscles of the foot and ankle, and assistive devices such as braces or splints may be recommended to help support the foot and prevent tripping or falling. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to correct the underlying issue causing drop foot.

It is important to consult with a healthcare provider if you experience any symptoms of drop foot, as early treatment can improve outcomes and prevent further complications.

Do’s and Don’ts of ingrown toenails

Posted on March 8, 2023 by - D, Dermatology & nail pathology, Frequently asked questions

Ingrown toenails occur when the edges or corners of the toenail grow into the surrounding skin, causing pain, swelling, and redness. Here are some do’s and don’ts to help manage ingrown toenails:

Do’s:

  1. Soak the affected toe in warm water for 15-20 minutes, 2-3 times per day.
  2. Wear comfortable shoes with a wide toe box to prevent pressure on the toes.
  3. Cut toenails straight across to prevent them from growing into the skin.
  4. Use sterile instruments to trim toenails.
  5. Use over-the-counter pain relievers to manage pain and discomfort.

Don’ts:

  1. Don’t cut toenails too short or round the edges, as this can increase the risk of ingrown toenails.
  2. Avoid tight-fitting shoes or high heels, which can put pressure on the toes and exacerbate ingrown toenails.
  3. Don’t try to dig out the ingrown toenail yourself, as this can lead to infection.
  4. Don’t ignore signs of infection, such as increased pain, redness, and pus drainage.
  5. Don’t wait too long to seek medical attention if home remedies are not effective in managing symptoms.

It is important to seek medical attention if the ingrown toenail becomes infected, or if symptoms do not improve with home remedies. A healthcare provider may recommend antibiotics or surgery to remove the ingrown toenail and prevent further complications.

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH)

Posted on March 8, 2023 by - D, Hindfoot

Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH) is a condition in which there is abnormal growth of bone along the sides of the vertebrae of the spine, as well as in other areas of the body, such as the hips, shoulders, knees, and heels. The cause of DISH is unknown, but it is more commonly seen in older adults, particularly those who are overweight or have diabetes.

The excessive growth of bone in DISH can lead to stiffness and pain in the affected areas, as well as difficulty moving. In some cases, DISH can also cause pressure on nearby nerves, leading to additional symptoms such as numbness or tingling.

Diagnosis of DISH is typically made through imaging tests such as X-rays or CT scans, which can show the bony growths. Treatment for DISH usually involves managing symptoms, such as pain and stiffness, with medications or physical therapy. Surgery may be considered in severe cases, particularly if there is nerve compression or other complications.

It is important for people with DISH to maintain a healthy weight, exercise regularly, and manage any underlying health conditions, such as diabetes, to help prevent the progression of the condition. Regular follow-up with a healthcare provider is also recommended to monitor any changes and adjust treatment as necessary.

Diabetic shoes

Posted on March 8, 2023 by - D, Diabetes

Diabetic shoes are specially designed footwear that provide additional support and protection to the feet of individuals with diabetes. People with diabetes are at a higher risk of developing foot problems due to decreased circulation and nerve damage, which can lead to numbness, tingling, and loss of sensation in the feet.

Diabetic shoes are made with soft, breathable materials to reduce friction and pressure on the feet, and they have extra room in the toe box to accommodate any foot deformities or swelling. The shoes also have a wider base and a sturdy sole to help prevent slips and falls.

Diabetic shoes may also come with removable insoles that can be customized to provide additional support or cushioning as needed. Some diabetic shoes are covered by insurance plans, but it is important to check with the insurance provider for specific coverage details.

It is important for people with diabetes to wear appropriate footwear and take good care of their feet to prevent foot injuries and complications. Regular foot exams by a healthcare professional and daily foot checks at home are also recommended to identify any issues early on.

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN)

Posted on March 8, 2023 by - D, Diabetes

Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) is a condition that affects the nerves in the extremities of the body, such as the hands, arms, feet, and legs, due to damage caused by high blood sugar levels over a long period of time.

Symptoms of DPN include numbness, tingling, burning, or shooting pain in the affected areas. Over time, DPN can also cause muscle weakness and loss of reflexes, making it difficult to walk and maintain balance. DPN can also affect other bodily functions, such as digestion, urination, and sexual function.

Management of DPN includes controlling blood sugar levels through lifestyle modifications, such as maintaining a healthy diet and exercise regimen, taking prescribed medications, and quitting smoking. Pain relief medications and nerve-stimulating treatments may also be prescribed to manage symptoms. It is important to monitor DPN regularly to prevent further nerve damage and complications.

Diabetes foot care guidelines

Posted on March 8, 2023 by - D, Diabetes

Diabetes is a condition that affects how your body processes glucose, a type of sugar. Over time, high blood glucose levels can damage the nerves and blood vessels in your feet, leading to a range of complications. Foot problems are common in people with diabetes, and can lead to serious health complications if not properly managed. Here are some general guidelines for diabetes foot care:

  1. Check your feet daily: Check your feet daily for any cuts, blisters, or sores. If you have trouble seeing or reaching your feet, ask someone for help.
  2. Wash and dry your feet carefully: Wash your feet daily with warm water and mild soap, and dry them thoroughly, especially between the toes.
  3. Keep your skin moisturised: Apply a moisturising lotion or cream to your feet daily, but avoid applying it between the toes, as this can lead to fungal infections.
  4. Trim your toenails carefully: Trim your toenails straight across and file the edges with a nail file.
  5. Wear comfortable shoes and socks: Wear comfortable, well-fitting shoes and socks that do not rub or pinch your feet.
  6. Protect your feet: Protect your feet from hot and cold temperatures, and avoid walking barefoot.
  7. Exercise regularly: Exercise regularly to improve blood flow to your feet.
  8. Control your blood sugar levels: Keep your blood sugar levels within a healthy range to reduce the risk of foot complications.
  9. See a healthcare provider regularly: See a healthcare provider regularly for foot exams, and report any foot problems or concerns promptly.

If you have diabetes, it is important to take good care of your feet to prevent foot complications. If you notice any foot problems or concerns, seek medical attention promptly.

Diabetes complications and amputation prevention

Posted on March 8, 2023 by - D, Diabetes

Diabetes is a chronic medical condition that affects the body’s ability to regulate blood sugar levels. Over time, high blood sugar levels can damage nerves and blood vessels, particularly in the feet and legs. This damage can lead to a number of complications, including neuropathy, poor circulation, and foot ulcers. In severe cases, amputation may be necessary to prevent the spread of infection or other complications.

To prevent these complications, it is important for individuals with diabetes to take steps to manage their blood sugar levels and monitor their feet regularly for any signs of injury or infection. This may include:

  1. Keeping blood sugar levels under control through diet, exercise, and medication as prescribed by a healthcare provider.
  2. Checking feet daily for any cuts, blisters, or other injuries, particularly between the toes where moisture can accumulate.
  3. Washing feet daily with warm water and mild soap, being sure to dry thoroughly, particularly between the toes.
  4. Wearing properly fitting shoes that provide adequate support and protection.
  5. Avoiding walking barefoot or wearing shoes without socks.
  6. Regularly visiting a healthcare provider for foot exams and monitoring of blood sugar levels.
  7. Quitting smoking and managing other health conditions such as high blood pressure and high cholesterol.

If an injury or infection is detected, prompt medical attention is crucial to prevent the spread of infection and reduce the risk of amputation. Treatment may include antibiotics, wound care, and in severe cases, surgery to remove infected tissue or repair damaged blood vessels.