Category: Vascular

Iontophoresis

Posted on March 16, 2023 by - I, Neurology, Vascular

Iontophoresis is a non-invasive medical treatment that uses a low-level electrical current to deliver medication through the skin. It is commonly used to treat hyperhidrosis, a medical condition characterized by excessive sweating, but can also be used for other purposes, such as pain management and drug delivery.

During the treatment, electrodes are placed on the skin, and a mild electrical current is applied to the affected area. This current creates an electric field that allows charged ions, such as medication molecules, to move through the skin and into the underlying tissues.

Iontophoresis is a safe and effective treatment that can be used in a variety of medical settings, including physical therapy clinics, hospitals, and doctor’s offices. However, it is important to note that not all medications can be delivered using iontophoresis, and the treatment may not be suitable for everyone. It is important to consult with a medical professional to determine if iontophoresis is an appropriate treatment option for your specific condition.

Varicose veins

Posted on March 9, 2023 by - V, Vascular

Varicose veins are enlarged and swollen veins that often appear dark blue or purple. They usually develop in the legs and feet, but can occur in other areas of the body as well. Varicose veins occur when the veins in the legs or feet become damaged or weakened, causing blood to flow back into the vein and pool there.

The most common symptoms of varicose veins include:

  • Visible swollen veins
  • Aching, throbbing, or cramping in the legs
  • Swelling in the feet or ankles
  • Itchy or burning skin around the affected vein
  • Muscle fatigue or heaviness in the legs
  • Skin discolouration or ulcers near the affected vein

Several factors can increase the risk of developing varicose veins, including age, genetics, pregnancy, obesity, and prolonged standing or sitting.

Treatment options for varicose veins include lifestyle changes, such as exercise and weight loss, wearing compression stockings to improve circulation, and medical procedures such as endovenous laser treatment or sclerotherapy, which involves injecting a solution into the affected vein to close it off.

If you suspect you have varicose veins or are experiencing symptoms, it is important to speak with your healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis and to discuss appropriate treatment options.

Raynaud’s phenomenon

Posted on March 9, 2023 by - R, Vascular

Raynaud’s phenomenon is a condition that affects the blood vessels, usually in the fingers and toes, causing them to narrow and reduce blood flow in response to cold temperatures or emotional stress. This can result in pain, numbness, and tingling sensations in the affected areas, and the skin may turn white, blue, or red in response.

There are two types of Raynaud’s phenomenon: primary and secondary. Primary Raynaud’s phenomenon is the most common and occurs in people with no underlying medical conditions. Secondary Raynaud’s phenomenon is less common and occurs as a result of an underlying medical condition, such as autoimmune diseases like scleroderma or lupus, or occupational exposure to certain chemicals.

Treatment for Raynaud’s phenomenon may involve lifestyle changes such as avoiding triggers like cold temperatures and stress, wearing warm clothing, and quitting smoking. In some cases, medication may also be prescribed to improve blood flow and reduce symptoms.

Plantar vein thrombosis

Posted on March 9, 2023 by - P, Vascular

Plantar vein thrombosis is a condition characterized by the formation of blood clots (thrombi) within the plantar veins, which are the veins located in the sole of the foot. This condition is relatively rare and can be caused by a variety of factors, including trauma to the foot, prolonged immobility, and certain medical conditions such as cancer and autoimmune disorders.

Symptoms of plantar vein thrombosis can include pain, swelling, and redness in the affected foot, particularly in the arch or heel area. The skin over the affected area may feel warm to the touch, and there may be visible veins that are enlarged or tender.

Treatment for plantar vein thrombosis typically involves the use of blood-thinning medications, such as anticoagulants or anti-platelet agents, to help prevent the formation of additional blood clots and reduce the risk of complications such as pulmonary embolism. Immobilisation and elevation of the affected foot may also be recommended to reduce swelling and improve blood flow.

In some cases, physiotherapy may be recommended to help improve range of motion, reduce stiffness, and prevent further complications such as post-thrombotic syndrome. This may include exercises to improve calf muscle strength and flexibility, as well as compression therapy to improve circulation and reduce swelling.

It is important to consult with a healthcare professional if you suspect you have plantar vein thrombosis, as prompt diagnosis and treatment can help prevent further damage and improve overall outcomes.

Peripheral arterial disease

Posted on March 9, 2023 by - P, Vascular

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a condition in which the arteries that supply blood to the legs and feet become narrowed or blocked, reducing blood flow to the affected areas. PAD is usually caused by atherosclerosis, a buildup of fatty deposits in the arterial walls, and it can be a sign of more widespread arterial disease in the body.

The symptoms of PAD can include leg pain or cramping, especially during physical activity, which is relieved by rest. Other symptoms can include numbness or weakness in the legs, coldness or discolouration of the skin, slow-healing sores, and weak pulses in the feet.

Risk factors for PAD include smoking, diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, and a family history of cardiovascular disease. Treatment for PAD may include lifestyle modifications such as regular exercise, a healthy diet, smoking cessation, and medications to control blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar levels. In some cases, surgery or endovascular procedures may be necessary to restore blood flow to the affected areas.

It is important to consult with a healthcare professional if you are experiencing symptoms of PAD or are at risk of developing the condition. Early detection and treatment can help prevent complications and improve overall health outcomes.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

Posted on March 8, 2023 by - D, Lower leg, Vascular

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a medical condition in which a blood clot (thrombus) forms in a deep vein, typically in the lower leg or thigh. It can also occur in other parts of the body, such as the arm or pelvis. DVT is a serious condition that can be life-threatening if the clot dislodges and travels through the bloodstream to the lungs, causing a pulmonary embolism (PE).

Risk factors for DVT include immobility (such as during long periods of sitting or bed rest), surgery, trauma, pregnancy, hormone therapy, and certain medical conditions such as cancer, heart failure, or a blood clotting disorder. Symptoms of DVT include swelling, pain, warmth, and redness in the affected area.

Treatment for DVT typically involves anticoagulant medication to prevent the clot from growing or traveling, as well as measures to prevent new clots from forming. Compression stockings may also be recommended to improve blood flow and reduce swelling. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the clot. It is important to seek medical attention promptly if you suspect you may have DVT.

Complex dermatitis

Posted on March 8, 2023 by - C, Dermatology & nail pathology, Vascular

Complex dermatitis of the foot, also known as venous stasis dermatitis or gravitational dermatitis, is a skin condition that occurs when there is poor circulation in the legs and feet, leading to inflammation and discolouration of the skin.

This condition is often seen in older adults, people with varicose veins, and those who have had a blood clot in their legs. The primary symptom is a red, itchy, and scaly rash that can develop into open sores and ulcers. The skin may also become thickened and discoloured, and the affected area may feel warm or hot to the touch.

Treatment for complex dermatitis of the foot involves addressing the underlying circulation issues. This may include compression stockings or wraps, leg elevation, and exercise to promote blood flow. Topical medications, such as corticosteroids or antibiotics, may be prescribed to help manage symptoms and prevent infection. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove damaged tissue or repair damaged veins.