Category: M

Merton Root

Posted on March 15, 2023 by - Biomechanics, M

Merton Root (1915-1995) was an American podiatrist who made significant contributions to the field of podiatry, particularly in the area of biomechanics. He developed a systematic approach to the examination, diagnosis, and treatment of foot and ankle disorders that came to be known as the “Root method.”

The Root method emphasizes the importance of understanding the relationship between the foot’s structure and its function, and how abnormalities in one can affect the other. Root believed that proper diagnosis and treatment of foot disorders required a comprehensive understanding of these relationships.

Root was also a co-founder of the American Academy of Podiatric Sports Medicine and was instrumental in establishing podiatry as a recognized medical specialty in the United States. His contributions to the field of podiatry continue to be recognized and studied by podiatrists today.

MRSA infection of the foot

Posted on March 9, 2023 by - Infections, M

MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) is a type of bacterial infection that is resistant to certain antibiotics. It can infect any part of the body, including the foot. When MRSA affects the foot, it can cause infections such as cellulitis, abscesses, and osteomyelitis (infection of the bone).

MRSA infections in the foot can occur when bacteria enter the skin through a cut or wound, or from infected shoes or socks. People who are at higher risk for MRSA infections include those who have weakened immune systems, chronic medical conditions, or who have close contact with infected people or contaminated surfaces.

Symptoms of MRSA infection in the foot may include redness, swelling, warmth, pain, and drainage from the affected area. Treatment may involve antibiotics and wound care to prevent the infection from spreading or causing further damage.

Prevention of MRSA infection in the foot includes keeping the feet clean and dry, wearing clean socks and shoes, avoiding sharing shoes or socks, and avoiding contact with contaminated surfaces. If you suspect you have a MRSA infection in your foot, it is important to seek medical attention promptly to prevent complications.

MRI of your feet

Posted on March 9, 2023 by - M, Radiology

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging technique used to visualise internal structures of the body. It uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves to generate images of the body’s internal organs and tissues.

MRI can be used to diagnose a variety of foot conditions, including fractures, ligament injuries, tendon injuries, arthritis, tumours, and nerve injuries. It can also help identify soft tissue injuries that may not be visible on X-rays.

Before an MRI scan, you will be asked to remove any metal objects, including jewellery and clothing with metal zippers or buttons, as the magnetic field can cause these items to move or heat up. You may also be asked to change into a hospital gown. The MRI machine is a large, tube-shaped scanner that you will lie in. During the scan, you will need to remain still so that the images are not blurred. The procedure is painless and usually takes between 30 minutes and an hour.

After the scan, a radiologist will interpret the images and send a report to your healthcare provider. The report will include any findings and recommendations for further testing or treatment.

Multiple sclerosis and your feet

Posted on March 9, 2023 by - M, Neurology

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological condition that can affect the entire body, including the feet. MS can cause nerve damage, which can lead to a variety of symptoms in the feet, including:

  1. Numbness or tingling: This is a common symptom of MS and can be felt in the feet, as well as the legs and hands.
  2. Weakness: MS can cause weakness in the feet, which can make it difficult to walk or stand for long periods.
  3. Spasticity: MS can cause muscle stiffness and spasms, which can affect the feet and make it difficult to move them.
  4. Balance problems: MS can affect balance, making it difficult to walk and increasing the risk of falls.
  5. Foot drop: Foot drop is a common symptom of MS that causes the foot to drag when walking.
  6. Pain: MS can cause pain in the feet, which can be mild to severe and can be described as burning, stabbing, or aching.

If you have MS and are experiencing any foot symptoms, it is important to talk to your doctor. Your doctor may recommend physical therapy or other treatments to help manage your symptoms and improve your quality of life.

Morton’s neuroma

Posted on March 9, 2023 by - Forefoot, M, Neurology

Morton’s neuroma is a painful condition that affects the ball of the foot, usually between the third and fourth toes. It is caused by an enlargement of the nerve that supplies sensation to the toes, which can be due to compression or irritation of the nerve. This can result in symptoms such as pain, burning, tingling, or numbness in the affected area. The exact cause of Morton’s neuroma is not fully understood, but it is thought to be related to the mechanics of the foot and repetitive trauma or pressure to the nerve.

Treatment for Morton’s neuroma may involve conservative measures such as changing footwear, using orthotics or padding to reduce pressure on the nerve, or taking anti-inflammatory medications. In more severe cases, injections of corticosteroids or other medications may be used to reduce pain and inflammation. Surgery may be recommended in rare cases where conservative treatment fails to provide relief.

Minimally-invasive (keyhole) foot surgery

Posted on March 9, 2023 by - M, Surgical

Minimally-invasive (keyhole) foot surgery is a type of foot surgery that is performed using small incisions and specialised instruments. It is also known as percutaneous surgery or minimally invasive surgery (MIS). This type of surgery is designed to minimise tissue trauma, reduce postoperative pain and swelling, and speed up recovery time compared to traditional open surgery.

During the surgery, the surgeon will make small incisions in the skin and insert specialised instruments, such as cameras and small cutting tools, to perform the procedure. Because the incisions are smaller, there is less tissue trauma and bleeding, and patients typically experience less pain and scarring.

Minimally-invasive foot surgery can be used to treat a variety of foot and ankle conditions, including bunions, hammertoes, plantar fasciitis, neuromas, and Achilles tendon injuries. The suitability of this type of surgery depends on the individual patient’s condition and medical history, as well as the surgeon’s experience and expertise.

Benefits of minimally-invasive foot surgery include a shorter recovery time, reduced pain and swelling, less scarring, and a lower risk of infection. However, there are also potential risks and complications associated with any type of surgery, so it is important to discuss the benefits and risks with your doctor before making a decision about treatment.

Midfoot arthritis

Posted on March 9, 2023 by - M, Midfoot, Rheumatology

Midfoot arthritis is a condition characterized by pain and stiffness in the midfoot area, which includes the arch and the ball of the foot. It can be caused by wear and tear of the joints in the midfoot, rheumatoid arthritis, or trauma to the foot. Symptoms may include pain, swelling, stiffness, and difficulty walking or standing. Treatment options for midfoot arthritis may include over-the-counter or prescription pain relievers, physical therapy, shoe inserts or custom orthotics, and in severe cases, surgery to fuse the affected joints together or remove the damaged joints and replace them with an artificial joint. It is important to seek medical attention if you experience persistent foot pain or discomfort.

Metatarsus adductus

Posted on March 9, 2023 by - M, Midfoot, Paediatrics

Metatarsus adductus is a foot deformity in which the front part of the foot turns inward, causing the toes to point inward as well. It can occur in both children and adults, and can range from mild to severe. Here are some key facts about metatarsus adductus:

Causes:

  • Metatarsus adductus is usually caused by abnormal foetal positioning in the womb, which can cause the foot to develop in a curved or angled position.
  • It can also be caused by genetic factors or conditions that affect muscle or bone development, such as cerebral palsy.

Symptoms:

  • Symptoms of metatarsus adductus can include a visible inward curve of the foot, with the toes pointing inward as well.
  • In more severe cases, the foot may be painful or may cause difficulty walking or wearing shoes.

Diagnosis:

  • A diagnosis of metatarsus adductus is usually made based on a physical examination of the foot and the patient’s medical history.
  • X-rays may be ordered to rule out other conditions or to assess the severity of the deformity.

Treatment:

  • Treatment for metatarsus adductus depends on the severity of the deformity and the patient’s age.
  • In infants, mild cases may resolve on their own with stretching exercises or the use of special shoes or braces.
  • More severe cases may require casting or surgery to correct the position of the foot.

Prognosis:

  • With appropriate treatment, most cases of metatarsus adductus can be corrected.
  • However, in some cases, the deformity may persist or may recur later in life.
  • Patients with metatarsus adductus may need to wear special shoes or orthotics to support the foot and prevent future complications.

Malignant melanoma of the foot

Posted on March 9, 2023 by - Cancer, Dermatology & nail pathology, M

Malignant melanoma is a type of skin cancer that can develop on the foot. It can occur on any part of the foot, including the soles, nails, and between the toes. The signs and symptoms of melanoma of the foot include:

  1. A new mole, bump, or spot on the foot that is changing in size, shape, or colour
  2. A sore that does not heal
  3. A pigmented band that runs under the nail and extends onto the adjacent skin
  4. A dark spot or streak that grows in size or changes in colour
  5. A nodule, lump, or bump on the foot that is not painful but keeps growing

If you notice any of these signs or symptoms on your foot, you should see a podiatrist or dermatologist for evaluation. Early detection and treatment are important for the successful management of melanoma of the foot.