Category: P

Peroneal tendon injuries

Posted on March 9, 2023 by - Hindfoot, P

The peroneal tendons are two long tendons that run along the outside of the ankle and foot, connecting the muscles of the lower leg to the bones of the foot. Peroneal tendon injuries can occur due to a variety of factors, including overuse, trauma, or anatomical abnormalities.

Symptoms of peroneal tendon injuries can include pain, swelling, and tenderness along the outside of the ankle and foot, as well as weakness and instability. In some cases, individuals may also experience a popping or snapping sensation in the ankle.

Treatment for peroneal tendon injuries can vary depending on the severity of the injury. Mild injuries may be treated with rest, ice, compression, and elevation, as well as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to manage pain and inflammation. Physical therapy may also be recommended to help strengthen the muscles and improve flexibility.

In more severe cases, immobilisation in a cast or brace may be necessary to allow the tendon to heal. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair or reconstruct the damaged tendon.

It is important to consult with a healthcare professional if you are experiencing symptoms of a peroneal tendon injury, as early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent further damage and improve overall outcomes. With appropriate care, most individuals with peroneal tendon injuries can expect to make a full recovery and return to their normal activities.

Paronychia

Posted on March 9, 2023 by - Dermatology & nail pathology, Infections, P

Paronychia is a common infection of the skin surrounding the nail bed. It can be caused by bacteria, fungi, or other microorganisms. Here are some key facts about paronychia:

Causes:

  • Paronychia is usually caused by an injury or damage to the skin around the nail bed, which can allow bacteria or fungi to enter and cause an infection.
  • People who bite their nails or have a habit of picking at the skin around the nails are at higher risk of developing paronychia.

Symptoms:

  • Symptoms of paronychia include pain, redness, swelling, and tenderness around the nail bed.
  • The affected area may also be warm to the touch and may produce pus or other drainage.

Diagnosis:

  • A diagnosis of paronychia is usually made based on the appearance of the affected area and the patient’s medical history.
  • In some cases, a culture or other laboratory tests may be done to identify the specific microorganism causing the infection.

Treatment:

  • Treatment for paronychia depends on the severity and cause of the infection.
  • Mild cases may be treated with warm soaks and topical antibiotics.
  • More severe or persistent cases may require oral antibiotics or drainage of any abscesses or collections of pus.

Prognosis:

  • With prompt and appropriate treatment, most cases of paronychia resolve without complications.
  • However, if left untreated or if the infection spreads, complications such as cellulitis or osteomyelitis (infection of the bone) can occur.
  • People with recurrent or chronic paronychia may need to modify their habits or seek treatment for underlying medical conditions that may be contributing to the problem.

Parkinson’s disease

Posted on March 9, 2023 by - Neurology, P

Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurological disorder that affects movement and can also have an impact on the feet. The symptoms of Parkinson’s disease in the feet can include rigidity, tremors, shuffling gait, freezing of gait, and difficulty with balance.

One of the hallmark features of Parkinson’s disease is a lack of coordination and movement control, which can cause the feet to shuffle or drag on the ground. This can increase the risk of falls and injuries.

In addition to gait disturbances, Parkinson’s disease can also cause foot dystonia, which is a condition characterized by involuntary muscle contractions and spasms in the feet. Foot dystonia can cause the toes to curl or point, and can be painful and debilitating.

Treatment for Parkinson’s disease may include medications to manage symptoms, physical therapy to improve mobility and gait, and assistive devices such as canes or walkers to provide support and stability. In some cases, surgical interventions such as deep brain stimulation may also be recommended.

It is important for individuals with Parkinson’s disease to work closely with their healthcare team, including a neurologist and a physical therapist, to develop a personalised treatment plan that addresses their specific needs and goals. This can help improve overall function and quality of life, and reduce the risk of falls and injuries.

Peripheral arterial disease

Posted on March 9, 2023 by - P, Vascular

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a condition in which the arteries that supply blood to the legs and feet become narrowed or blocked, reducing blood flow to the affected areas. PAD is usually caused by atherosclerosis, a buildup of fatty deposits in the arterial walls, and it can be a sign of more widespread arterial disease in the body.

The symptoms of PAD can include leg pain or cramping, especially during physical activity, which is relieved by rest. Other symptoms can include numbness or weakness in the legs, coldness or discolouration of the skin, slow-healing sores, and weak pulses in the feet.

Risk factors for PAD include smoking, diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, and a family history of cardiovascular disease. Treatment for PAD may include lifestyle modifications such as regular exercise, a healthy diet, smoking cessation, and medications to control blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar levels. In some cases, surgery or endovascular procedures may be necessary to restore blood flow to the affected areas.

It is important to consult with a healthcare professional if you are experiencing symptoms of PAD or are at risk of developing the condition. Early detection and treatment can help prevent complications and improve overall health outcomes.