Category: C

COVID toes

Posted on March 8, 2023 by Steve - C

COVID toes is a term used to describe chilblain-like lesions on the feet that may appear in some people infected with the COVID-19 virus. Chilblains are small, itchy, painful swellings that develop on the skin in response to cold weather. COVID toes may present as red or purple discolouration, swelling, or small, fluid-filled blisters on the toes, and may be accompanied by a burning or itching sensation. It is not entirely clear why COVID toes develop, but it is thought to be related to an immune response to the virus. COVID toes are not a definitive sign of COVID-19 infection and can also occur in people without COVID-19. However, if you notice any unusual symptoms on your feet, you should contact a healthcare professional for advice.

Cosmetic foot surgery

Posted on March 8, 2023 by Steve - C, Surgical

Cosmetic foot surgery, also known as aesthetic foot surgery, is a type of elective surgery that is performed for purely cosmetic reasons rather than medical reasons. The goal of cosmetic foot surgery is to improve the appearance of the foot or correct a perceived imperfection, such as bunions, hammertoes, or other cosmetic issues.

Some of the most common types of cosmetic foot surgery include bunion surgery, hammertoe surgery, toe shortening or lengthening, and fat pad augmentation. These procedures are typically performed on an outpatient basis and may involve local anaesthesia, sedation, or general anaesthesia, depending on the specific procedure and the patient’s needs.

While cosmetic foot surgery can improve the appearance of the feet, it is important to remember that any surgery involves risks, including infection, bleeding, nerve damage, and poor healing. It is important to discuss the potential risks and benefits of any cosmetic foot surgery with a qualified and experienced surgeon before deciding to undergo the procedure.

Cortisone injections: what are the benefits and risks?

Posted on March 8, 2023 by Steve - C, Frequently asked questions, Medicines, Pain, Rheumatology, Sports

Cortisone injections, also known as corticosteroid injections, are commonly used to relieve inflammation and pain in various conditions, such as arthritis, tendonitis, bursitis, and other inflammatory conditions. Here are some benefits, risks, complications, and side effects associated with cortisone injections:

Benefits:

Rapid pain relief: Cortisone injections can provide rapid pain relief by reducing inflammation and swelling in the affected area.
Convenience: Cortisone injections are a simple outpatient procedure that can be performed in a doctor’s office, and patients can usually resume normal activities immediately after the injection.
Non-surgical: Cortisone injections can help avoid the need for more invasive treatments, such as surgery.
Targeted treatment: Cortisone injections can be administered directly into the affected joint or tissue, providing more targeted treatment.

Risks and Complications:

Pain and discomfort: Pain and discomfort at the injection site are common after a cortisone injection and can last for a few days.
Infection: There is a risk of infection at the injection site, although this is rare.
Tissue damage: Repeated cortisone injections can damage the surrounding tissues, including cartilage, tendons, and ligaments.
Temporary flare-up: In some cases, the injection can cause a temporary flare-up of symptoms.
Skin discoloration: The injection may cause skin discoloration at the site of the injection.

Side Effects:

Elevated blood sugar levels: Cortisone can elevate blood sugar levels, so patients with diabetes should monitor their blood sugar closely after receiving a cortisone injection.
Weakening of bones: Repeated cortisone injections can weaken bones, leading to an increased risk of fractures.
Weight gain: Cortisone can cause weight gain by increasing appetite and fluid retention.
Mood changes: Cortisone can affect mood and cause anxiety, depression, and irritability.

It is important to discuss the potential benefits, risks, complications, and side effects of cortisone injections with a healthcare provider before undergoing the procedure. Cortisone injections should not be used as a long-term treatment and should only be administered as part of a comprehensive treatment plan.

Cortisone injections

Posted on March 8, 2023 by Steve - C, Medicines, Rheumatology, Sports

A cortisone injection is a procedure in which a small amount of corticosteroid medication is injected into the affected area of the foot to reduce inflammation and pain. Cortisone injections are commonly used to treat a variety of foot conditions, including plantar fasciitis, Achilles tendonitis, bursitis, and arthritis.

During the procedure, the foot is first cleaned and numbed with a local anaesthetic. The doctor then uses a small needle to inject the cortisone medication into the affected area of the foot, such as the heel or the ankle. After the injection, the foot may be wrapped in a bandage and the patient may be advised to rest the foot for a period of time.

Cortisone injections can provide significant relief from foot pain, but they are not appropriate for everyone. Individuals who are pregnant, have an infection, or have certain medical conditions may not be candidates for cortisone injections. Additionally, cortisone injections should not be used as a long-term solution for foot pain and should be used in conjunction with other treatments, such as physical therapy and orthotic devices. It is important to discuss the potential risks and benefits of a cortisone injection with a healthcare provider before undergoing the procedure.

Corns

Posted on March 8, 2023 by Steve - C, Dermatology & nail pathology

Corns are a common foot condition where the skin becomes thickened and hard in response to friction or pressure. They usually develop on the feet, especially on the toes and soles, and can cause pain, discomfort, and even difficulty walking.

Corns are caused by repetitive rubbing or pressure on the skin, often due to ill-fitting shoes or abnormal foot structures such as hammertoes or bunions. They can also develop from activities that put pressure on the feet, such as running or dancing.

There are two types of corns: hard corns and soft corns. Hard corns are small, raised, and have a hard centre surrounded by thick, rough skin. They usually develop on the tops and tips of the toes, and are often caused by tight-fitting shoes or toe deformities. Soft corns are white and rubbery, and develop in between the toes, often due to excess moisture.

Corns can often be treated at home by soaking the affected area in warm water, using a pumice stone to gently rub away the thickened skin, and applying moisturiser to keep the area soft. However, if the corn is causing severe pain or discomfort, a podiatrist may need to remove it using special tools. To prevent corns from developing, it is important to wear properly fitting shoes, and to use cushioned insoles or pads to reduce pressure on the feet.

Complex dermatitis

Posted on March 8, 2023 by Steve - C, Dermatology & nail pathology, Vascular

Complex dermatitis of the foot, also known as venous stasis dermatitis or gravitational dermatitis, is a skin condition that occurs when there is poor circulation in the legs and feet, leading to inflammation and discolouration of the skin.

This condition is often seen in older adults, people with varicose veins, and those who have had a blood clot in their legs. The primary symptom is a red, itchy, and scaly rash that can develop into open sores and ulcers. The skin may also become thickened and discoloured, and the affected area may feel warm or hot to the touch.

Treatment for complex dermatitis of the foot involves addressing the underlying circulation issues. This may include compression stockings or wraps, leg elevation, and exercise to promote blood flow. Topical medications, such as corticosteroids or antibiotics, may be prescribed to help manage symptoms and prevent infection. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove damaged tissue or repair damaged veins.

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS)

Posted on March 8, 2023 by Steve - C, Neurology, Pain

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) of the foot is a rare and poorly understood condition characterised by chronic pain, swelling, stiffness, and other symptoms. CRPS is thought to be caused by an abnormal response of the immune and nervous systems to an injury or trauma, leading to ongoing pain and inflammation.

Symptoms of CRPS of the foot may include intense pain, swelling, redness, and sensitivity to touch or temperature changes. Some people may also experience muscle weakness, spasms, or tremors, as well as skin changes such as dryness, thinning, or shiny appearance.

Diagnosis of CRPS of the foot may involve a physical exam, imaging tests, and other diagnostic procedures to rule out other potential causes of foot pain. Treatment options may include medications, physical therapy, nerve blocks, and other interventions to manage pain and inflammation and improve mobility and function.

Because CRPS is a complex condition that can be difficult to diagnose and treat, it is important for individuals with foot pain and other symptoms to seek evaluation and care from a qualified healthcare professional.

Compartment syndrome

Posted on March 8, 2023 by Steve - C, Sports

Foot and lower leg compartment syndrome is a rare but potentially serious condition caused by increased pressure within the compartments of the foot or lower leg. This can occur after an injury, such as a fracture or crush injury, or after surgery. It can also occur due to overuse, such as with intense exercise.

The condition develops when pressure within a compartment increases to the point where it restricts blood flow and compresses the nerves and muscles within that compartment. This can cause severe pain, swelling, numbness, and tingling. If left untreated, it can lead to permanent nerve and muscle damage.

Compartment syndrome is a medical emergency and requires prompt treatment. Treatment typically involves surgery to relieve the pressure within the affected compartment. In some cases, a fasciotomy, which involves making an incision in the affected compartment to relieve pressure, may be necessary. Following surgery, physical therapy may be necessary to restore strength and mobility in the affected area.

Common causes of foot pain in children

Posted on March 8, 2023 by Steve - C, Frequently asked questions, Paediatrics

There are several common causes of foot pain in children, including:

Flat feet: Flat feet occur when the arch of the foot is flattened, leading to pain and discomfort in the feet, legs, and lower back.
Plantar fasciitis: Plantar fasciitis is a common cause of heel pain in children and occurs when the plantar fascia, the thick band of tissue that runs along the bottom of the foot, becomes inflamed.
Sever’s disease: Sever’s disease is a common cause of heel pain in children, particularly in those who are active. It occurs when the growth plate in the heel becomes inflamed.
Ingrown toenails: Ingrown toenails occur when the edge of the toenail grows into the skin surrounding the nail, causing pain, redness, and swelling.
Warts: Warts are caused by a viral infection and can appear on the feet, causing pain and discomfort.
Fractures: Fractures in the foot can occur due to trauma or repetitive stress, causing pain and swelling in the affected area.
Overuse injuries: Children who are active in sports or other physical activities may experience overuse injuries, such as stress fractures, shin splints, or tendonitis.

If your child is experiencing foot pain, it is important to have them evaluated by a healthcare provider to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment plan.

Why do I have cold feet?

Posted on March 8, 2023 by Steve - C, Frequently asked questions

There could be various reasons why your feet feel cold. Some common causes include:

Poor circulation: If blood flow to your feet is restricted, it can cause your feet to feel cold. This can be due to a medical condition such as peripheral artery disease (PAD), Raynaud’s disease, or even sitting in one position for too long.
Hypothyroidism: An under-active thyroid can cause a drop in body temperature and result in cold feet.
Anemia: If you have an iron deficiency, it can cause poor circulation, resulting in cold feet.
Nerve damage: Neuropathy, or nerve damage, can cause your feet to feel cold or numb.
Diabetes: Diabetes can cause nerve damage and restrict blood flow, leading to cold feet.
Cold weather: Naturally, exposure to cold temperatures can make your feet feel cold.
Medications: Certain medications, such as beta-blockers or some antidepressants, can restrict blood flow to the feet, making them feel cold.

If you’re experiencing persistent cold feet, it’s important to talk to your doctor, especially if you have other symptoms. They can help determine the underlying cause and provide appropriate treatment.